Screen readers – what they are and how they can help
Screen readers are tools that allow blind and partially sighted people to use phones, tablets and computers by listening instead of relying on sight. They work by reading out what is on the screen and letting you control the device using touch or keyboard commands.
This page gives a simple overview of what screen readers are, who they can help, and how they fit alongside other ways of reading and using technology.
What is a screen reader?
A screen reader is software that speaks aloud what appears on a screen. It can read documents, text messages, emails, websites and apps, and tell you where you are on the screen.
Screen readers do not just read blocks of text. They also describe the structure of what you are using, such as headings, links and form fields, which helps you move around and understand what is on the page.
Screen readers are different from tools that read printed text using a camera. They are designed to help you use the device itself.
Screen readers on everyday devices
Most modern phones and tablets already include a built-in screen reader.
On Apple devices, the screen reader is called VoiceOver.
On Android devices, it is called TalkBack.
These built-in screen readers can usually be turned on and off in the accessibility settings, which means you can try them without buying any extra software.
On computers, there are a few different options. Some people use built-in accessibility tools, while others use specialist screen reader software. This can include paid software such as JAWS, SuperNova or ZoomText, or free options such as NVDA.
Which option is most suitable can depend on what you want to do, the device you use, and what feels manageable for you. Support is available to help you explore these options before committing to anything.
Who might find a screen reader helpful?
Screen readers can be useful for people with little or no useful vision, or for anyone who finds reading on a screen tiring or uncomfortable even with magnification.
Some people use a screen reader all the time. Others use it alongside magnification, switching between listening and looking depending on the task.
There is no “right” way to use a screen reader. What matters is what feels manageable and helpful for you.
How screen readers are different from other reading tools
Screen readers are designed to help you navigate and control a device. They are not the same as tools that read printed text using a camera.
Other tools and apps can:
- take a photo of printed text and read it aloud
- describe objects or surroundings
- identify products or labels
These are covered on other pages, such as our Reading independently, Seeing AI and Gemini pages.
Many people use a combination of tools, depending on what they are doing.
Getting started with screen readers
Turning on a screen reader changes how a device behaves, which can feel confusing at first. Gestures and controls work differently, and it often takes time to get used to listening rather than looking.
A Sight Loss Advisor is usually the first point of contact. They can talk through reading options and everyday support, and if screen reading technology might be helpful, they can refer you to a Digital Skills Advisor for more specialist support.
Support is always shaped around what you want to do and at your pace. There is no expectation to continue using something if it does not feel right for you.
Finding the right approach for you
Screen readers are one way of accessing information, but they are not the only option. Some people prefer magnification, some prefer listening, and many people use a combination of both.
If you would like to explore screen readers or talk about different ways of accessing information, please contact us to find out what support is available.